深圳大鹏半岛:海胆进了粽,手艺出了海!看越南甜妹如何拜师学非遗

端午节定于农历五月初五，相传为纪念爱国诗人屈原。屈原投江后，百姓划船寻觅，投粽子喂鱼虾以免损伤其身。如今，各地端午节习俗丰富：赛龙舟、包食粽子、抓鸭子、挂艾草菖蒲驱蚊虫，孩童佩戴五彩绳等，部分地区还会饮雄黄酒，寄托祈福安康的美好心愿。

The Dragon Boat Festival falls on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month, in memory of Qu Yuan, a patriotic poet. After he drowned himself, locals rowed boats searching for him and threw zongzi into the river protecting him from fishes. Nowadays, traditional customs in different places in China include dragon boat races, making zongzi, grabbing ducks, hanging mugwort, wearing colorful bracelets and drinking realgar wine, all wishing for health and safety.

海胆粽是南澳疍家人独创的美食，也是其“靠海吃海”的智慧结晶，至今已有超200年的历史。旧时疍家人缺鸡蛋，因此当地也流传着一句俗语——“无钱买鸡蛋，餐餐食海胆”。他们就地取材，将新鲜海胆融入粽子中，硬是“吃”出了一道非遗美味。海胆粽多精选大鹏湾紫海胆，配上本地芒叶和各色鲜料手工古法包成独特的长条形粽子。2021年，这份手艺正式入选深圳市级非物质文化遗产，同年，海胆粽也登顶“深圳伴手礼”榜单。

Sea urchin zongzi is a unique delicacy of the Tanka people in Nan'ao and has a history of over 200 years. As Nan'ao is surrounded by mountains and the sea, sea urchins abound. Therefore, one of its local proverb goes continuously——No money to buy eggs but have sea urchins for every meal. Usually, residents utilize purple sea urchins to make zongzi, along with glutinous rice, pork belly, shrimp, dried scallops, abalone and some fresh fillings, wrapped with Thysanolaena latifolia leaves to make a rectangle-like zongzi. As time goes by, sea urchin zongzi became the specialty of Nan’ao and it was elevated from a district-level to a city-level intangible cultural heritage in 2021. In the same year, the specialty ranked in the No.1 spot on the “Shenzhen companion gifts” list.

被称为“海胆皇后”的张长妹是南澳海胆粽制作技艺第四代代表性传承人。作为家里的长姐，张长妹七八岁的时候就跟着外婆学习包海胆粽。2021年，张长妹带着她的“南澳海胆粽制作技艺”入选市级非遗；2023年，荣获“非遗工坊”牌匾。

Zhangmei Zhang, known as the ‘Queen of Sea urchins’, is the 4th-generation inheritor of sea urchin zongzi cooking techniques. As the eldest daughter in her family, she began to learn about sea urchin zongzi from her grandmother when she was seven or eight years old. In 2021, Zhangmei’s sea urchin zongzi cooking techniques were recognized as a city-level intangible cultural heritage. In 2023, her workshop was awarded the plaque for an "Intangible Cultural Heritage Workshop".